Exploring US Nursing Leadership During the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Response: A Qualitative Descriptive Study to Guide Leadership Development for Future Emergent Situations

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the experiences of nurse leaders during the 1st wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to enhance understanding in preparation for future disasters.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to the healthcare system globally. Nurse leaders play an essential part and have a significant impact on the efficacy of disaster management in future emergent situations.

METHODS: The parent study conducted interviews with 100 nurses in the United States across specialty areas. This article presents a subgroup analysis of interview data from 13 self-identified nurse leaders. The research team used qualitative descriptive methodology and thematic analysis to identify patterns within the data.

RESULTS: Five themes were identified for effective nurse leadership during an emerging pandemic: 1) responsiveness; 2) anticipating needs; 3) care innovations; 4) collaboration; and 5) adaptability.

CONCLUSION: Supporting nurse leaders to exhibit effective leadership during periods of crisis is imperative to increase preparedness for future health events, protect population health, and create a pipeline of future nursing leadership. Involving nursing in developing and reforming policy is integral.